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Philosophy of the Social Sciences
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Weighted Explanations in History

Robert Northcott

University of Missouri, St. Louis

Weighted explanations , whereby some causes are deemed more important than others, are ubiquitous in historical studies. Drawing from influential recent work on causation, I develop a definition of causal-explanatory strength. This makes clear exactly which aspects of explanatory weighting are subjective and which objective. It also sheds new light on several traditional issues, showing for instance that: underlying causes need not be more important than proximate ones; several different causes can each be responsible for most of an effect; small causes need not be less important than big ones; and non-additive interactive effects between causes present no particular difficulty.

Key Words: causation • explanation • history • interaction • proximate • underlying

Philosophy of the Social Sciences, Vol. 38, No. 1, 76-96 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0048393107311045


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J. Reiss
Causation in the Social Sciences: Evidence, Inference, and Purpose
Philosophy of the Social Sciences, March 1, 2009; 39(1): 20 - 40.
[Abstract] [PDF]